pub.layers.annotation

Unified abstract annotation model. All annotation types — token tags, span labels, entity mentions, situation/frame mentions, syntactic parses, discourse relations, interlinear glosses, sentiment, temporal expressions, etc. — are represented through a single abstract schema discriminated by kind and subkind.

Types

annotationLayer

Type: Record

A named layer of annotations over an expression. All annotation types use this single record type. The combination of kind, subkind, and formalism tells the appview how to render.

Field	Type	Description
expression	at-uri	The expression this annotation layer applies to.
kindUri	at-uri	AT-URI of the annotation kind definition node. Community-expandable via knowledge graph.
kind	string	Primary annotation kind slug (fallback). Known values: token-tag, span, relation, tree, graph, tier, document-tag
subkindUri	at-uri	AT-URI of the annotation subkind definition node. Community-expandable via knowledge graph.
subkind	string	Annotation subkind slug. Known values: pos, xpos, ner, lemma, morph, supersense, sense, chunk, speaker, gloss, phonetic, prosody, tobi, language-id, entity-mention, situation-mention, frame, predicate, discourse-unit, speech-act, temporal-expression, temporal-signal, spatial-expression, spatial-signal, spatial-relation, location-mention, sentiment, emotion, stance, information-structure, error, correction, code-switch, highlight, comment, bookmark, temporal-value, temporal-vagueness, dependency, enhanced-dependency, constituency, ccg, coreference, bridging, temporal-relation, causal-relation, discourse-relation, custom
formalismUri	at-uri	AT-URI of the formalism definition node. Community-expandable via knowledge graph.
formalism	string	Formalism slug. Known values: universal-dependencies, penn-treebank, stanford, prague, propbank, framenet, verbnet, amr, ucca, rst, erst, sdrt, pdtb, timeml, iso-space, spatialml, conll-u, brat, elan, leipzig-glossing, ipa, tobi, bpe, sentencepiece, unimorph, wals, custom
labelSet	string	Identifier for the label set used (e.g., 'universal-pos', 'ontonotes-ner').
ontologyRef	at-uri	Reference to a pub.layers.ontology defining the types used in this layer.
tokenizationId	ref	For token-aligned layers: the tokenization these annotations are aligned to. Ref: pub.layers.defs#uuid
parentLayerRef	at-uri	For dependent/subordinate layers: the parent layer this one subdivides or refines.
language	string	BCP-47 language tag for this annotation layer, if different from the expression's language.
annotations	array	The annotations in this layer. Array of ref: #annotation
rank	integer	Rank among k-best alternatives (1 = best). Absent if this is the only/primary analysis.
alternativesRef	at-uri	Reference to the top-ranked (rank=1) layer in a k-best group. Absent on the top-ranked layer itself.
metadata	ref	Ref: pub.layers.defs#annotationMetadata
createdAt	datetime	Record creation timestamp.

annotation

Type: Object

A single abstract annotation. The fields populated depend on the layer's kind/subkind. For token-tags: tokenIndex + label. For spans: anchor + label. For trees: anchor + label + parentId/childIds. For relations: anchor + arguments.

Field	Type	Description
uuid	ref	Ref: pub.layers.defs#uuid
anchor	ref	How this annotation attaches to the source data. Ref: pub.layers.defs#anchor
tokenIndex	integer	For token-level annotations: 0-based index into the tokenization.
label	string	The primary label (POS tag, entity type, frame name, constituent label, dependency relation, etc.).
value	string	Secondary value (lemma form, gloss, normalized temporal value, etc.).
text	string	Surface text of the annotated span.
parentId	ref	Parent annotation in tree structures. Ref: pub.layers.defs#uuid
childIds	array	Child annotation UUIDs in tree structures. Array of ref: pub.layers.defs#uuid
headIndex	integer	Head/governor token index for directed arcs (dependency parsing). -1 for root.
targetIndex	integer	Dependent/target token index for directed arcs.
arguments	array	Role/argument fillers for predicate-argument structures. Array of ref: #argumentRef
confidence	integer	Confidence score 0-10000.
ontologyTypeRef	at-uri	Reference to a type definition in a pub.layers.ontology.
knowledgeRefs	array	Links to external knowledge bases. Array of ref: pub.layers.defs#knowledgeRef
temporal	ref	Structured temporal annotation. For temporal-expression, temporal-value, and temporal-vagueness subkinds. Subsumes TimeML TIMEX3 and OWL-Time. Ref: pub.layers.defs#temporalExpression
spatial	ref	Structured spatial annotation. For spatial-expression and location-mention subkinds. Subsumes ISO-Space (ISO 24617-7), SpatialML, and GeoJSON/WKT geometries. Ref: pub.layers.defs#spatialExpression
features	ref	Open-ended features. Ref: pub.layers.defs#featureMap

argumentRef

Type: Object

A role/argument reference in a predicate-argument structure. Uses the composable objectRef to point to another annotation.

Field	Type	Description
role	string	The argument role label (e.g., ARG0, Agent, Theme, CAUSE, connective, etc.).
target	ref	Reference to the annotation filling this role. Ref: pub.layers.defs#objectRef
features	ref	Ref: pub.layers.defs#featureMap

clusterSet

Type: Record

Groups annotations into equivalence classes. Used for coreference resolution, bridging anaphora grouping, and any annotation clustering task.

Field	Type	Description
expression	at-uri	The expression these clusters apply to. Optional for cross-document clustering.
expressionRefs	array	For cross-document clustering: the expressions these clusters span. Array of at-uri
corpusRef	at-uri	For cross-document clustering: the corpus these clusters span.
kindUri	at-uri	AT-URI of the clustering kind definition node. Community-expandable via knowledge graph.
kind	string	Clustering kind slug (fallback). Known values: coreference, situation-coreference, bridging, same-as, clustering, custom
layerRef	at-uri	The annotation layer whose annotations these clusters group.
clusters	array	The clusters. Array of ref: #cluster
metadata	ref	Ref: pub.layers.defs#annotationMetadata
createdAt	datetime	Record creation timestamp.

cluster

Type: Object

A cluster of annotations (e.g., coreferent entity mentions, situation mentions referring to the same situation).

Field	Type	Description
uuid	ref	Ref: pub.layers.defs#uuid
canonicalLabel	string	The canonical/representative label for this cluster.
members	array	References to the annotations in this cluster. Array of ref: pub.layers.defs#objectRef
knowledgeRefs	array	Knowledge graph references. Array of ref: pub.layers.defs#knowledgeRef
features	ref	Ref: pub.layers.defs#featureMap